Toxicity of reactive blue 21 dye textile effluent subjected to electron beam irradiation

The textile sector stands out in the economy of many countries and for environmental issues related to its production chain. The secondary processing stage, especially the dyeing process, besides consuming a lot of water, uses numerous chemical inputs, generating effluents with toxic potential and unbalance the living conditions of the receptor body. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of textile effluent, with the dye Reactive Blue 21, before and after treatment by electron beam irradiation. The dyeing effluent optimized with the Reactive Blue 21 dye was submitted to electron beam irradiation and then evaluated and compared to the untreated sample regarding its acute toxicity with the organisms Daphnia similis and Vibrio fischeri. The results showed a higher sensitivity of the luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri to the effluent, with an EC50 value of 0.43% for the untreated sample and 8.89%. The irradiation treatment process was effective in reducing the toxicity of the analyzed effluent, with an efficiency of more than 60% in the treatment for both organisms. (author)