Target cooling for high-current experiments at SHIP

In order to further increase the intensity of ion beams used in high-current experiments, e.g. the synthesis of heavy and superheavy elements, it is necessary to develop methods for cooling the targets sufficiently below the melting point which is particularly low in the case of metallic lead and bismuth targets. In this paper we describe measurements for various fixed targets and rotating target wheels in vacuum as well as in a stationary He-gas and a He-gas flow as cooling medium. As a result improvements of the target system are suggested, which will allow for a considerable increase of the beam intensity