Numerical simulation of reduced cerium oxide with polaron transport mobility based ETL for stable and efficient perovskite solar cells

This work presents an extensive analysis of one of the potential alternative in Electron transport material of Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC). In this work, we studied the Reduced Cerium Oxide (CeO_x) as electron transport layer (ETL) for different composition of Oxygen and analysis of Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) layer has been 81 done if stacked in between CeO_x and Perovskite layer. A detailed realistic analysis has been done, incorporating the mobility in CeO_x due to small Polaron hopping mechanism, the effect of variation in PCBM layer thickness, doping concentration has been studied and the optimum efficiency is obtained for PSC using only CeO_x and after introducing the PCBM layer. To further improve the shortcomings in terms of hysteresis and moisture stability a device has been proposed incorporating carbon nanotube (CNT) layer in between hole transport layer (HTL) and Perovskite layer and the results have been shown. (author)