Approaches for estimating environmental impact from nuclear power plants (NPPs) under normal operation conditions: Republic of Korea. Annex V

Korea applies the PWR-GALE code (NUREG-0017), a computerized mathematical model, for calculating the releases of radioactive material in gaseous and liquid effluents from pressurized water reactors (PWRs). The method for calculating the radionuclide concentrations for reactor coolant and steam generator fluid in the PWR-GALE code is based on the American National Standard, ANSI/ANS-18.1-1984. The outcomes of these calculations were provided to all the participants as standard input data (case A) for the atmospheric and marine discharge dose assessments. The code used by Korea to calculate dose was INDAC (Integrated Dose Assessment Code Package for KINS). It was developed by KINS (Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety) in 1999, incorporating the ICRP Publication 60 concepts into GASDOS/LIQDOS which was, in turn developed by modifying the food chain model from GASPAR-II/ LADTAP-II in 1989. The GASPAR-II/ LADTAP-II Codes were developed by the USNRC based on the model in USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.109. The code used to calculate the atmospheric diffusion factor was XOQDOQ, developed by USNRC based on the model in USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.111. For the oceanic dilution factors POM (Princeton Ocean Model), a 3-dimensional numerical model developed by Princeton University in USA, was applied. The POM Code was tested and fitted to the near field and far field of the Korean Sea.