Superconducting quadrupoles

The data base for this paper will represent the work from two different groups and two different Laboratories (Brookhaven National Laboratory and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory). The majority of the data was that obtained by the Fermi National Accelerator Group and is the most recent, and is based on a larger number of coil windings. The coil winding sizes that will be discussed are 12 cm, (Figure 1) 7.6 cm and 5 cm, (Figure 2) for the inner diameter. The maximum gradients measured in the 5 cm sizes were 1.93 T/cm at 3.5 K and 1.79 T/cm at 4.2 K. In the 7.6 cm size were 1.35 T/cm at 2.0 K and 1.1 T/cm at 4.2 K and in the 12.0 cm size was 1.35 T/cm at 4.2 K. The 12 cm size used a cold iron shield, but had an older conductor, so one effect (increase due to Fe) offset the other (lower J/sub c/ (H) of the earlier superconductor). These gradients (especially the 12 cm measurements) can be improved using more modern conductors, (i.e., approx.20% + g/(cm A) and their higher current densities. These gradients represent an increase of 2 to 3+ times the value obtainable using conventional iron and copper magnets at a comparable aperature. The original purposes for these coils were for the 12 cm size, the Isabelle lattice, the 7.6 cm size, the Tevatron lattice and low β insertion focus, and the 5 cm size, the final focus of SLC at SLAC and SSC size coils