The ECRH system for JET-EP

An ECW (electron cyclotron wave) system is being designed for JET. The system will consist of 6 gyrotrons, 1 MW each, in order to deliver 5 MW into the plasma. An extension of 2 more gyrotrons is recently being considered. The system will especially be designed to enable the control of neo-classical tearing modes (NTM). Furthermore, heating and current drive is foreseen in a large number of different target plasma configurations and the control of the ratio of the electron and ion temperatures. The frequency, 113.3 GHz, is selected to enable a wide range of operating toroidal magnetic fields from 3 to 4 T and at second harmonic at lower fields and also to allow for a future upgrade to 170 GHz using the same systems, including the double-disk diamond windows. The main elements of the ECW system are: gyrotrons with a depressed collector, 1 MW each, 10 s pulse duration with a diamond window, with Gaussian output mode; main power supplies, up to 60 kV, with a solid-state crowbar to feed two gyrotrons. A series IGBT switch will enable independent control of each gyrotron; evacuated waveguides or quasi-optical mirror lines will be each capable of transmitting 1 MW, having a double-disk diamond window located near the torus as an additional tritium barrier. The total length is in the order of 80 to 100m; a plug-in launcher, steerable in both toroidal and poloidal angle. A trade-off will be made between a single launching mirror per transmission line or two beams per launching mirror in order to have the highest flexibility, but also the narrowest beam size in the plasma. The gyrotron power supplies. The configuration of the collector power supply is based on the connection of two gyrotrons to one existing (former lower hybrid) 60 kV power supply. To limit the energy deposit into an internal arc, IGBT switches are connected in series with the gyrotrons, to disconnect the gyrotron from the power supply within 2 μs. An LR snubber is connected in series with the gyrotrons to decrease the current rise time in case of an arc. If the IGBT switch fails to switch off, the crowbar will be triggered and short-circuit the output of the power supply. With this set-up the energy deposit into an arc will be limited to lower than 10 Joules. (author)