Enhanced yield ratio of light nuclei in heavy ion collisions with a first-order chiral phase transition

Using a transport model that includes a first-order chiral phase transition between the partonic and the hadronic matter, we study the development of density fluctuations in the matter produced in heavy ion collisions as it undergoes the phase transition, and their time evolution in later hadronic stage of the collisions. With the production of deuterons and tritons described by the coalescence model from nucleons at kinetic freeze out, we find that the yield ratio $N_t{N}_p/N_d^2$, where $N_p,N_d$, and $N_t$ are, respectively, the proton, deuteron, and triton numbers, is enhanced if the evolution trajectory of the produced matter in the QCD phase diagram passes through the spinodal region of a first-order chiral phase transition.