Test Bench Studies and Simulations of Atomic Beam Sources

Two new test bench studies have deepened the understanding of polarized gas targets and the atomic beam sources (ABS) that fill them. The attenuation coefficient for beam loss due to rest gas scattering has been measured over a range of beam velocities. The total scattering cross sections can be extracted from these measurements for the first time. Low conductance injection tubes have the potential to increase the thickness of storage cell targets. Injection tubes with internal fins were characterized, and the beam loss at the tube exit was larger than expected. Beam simulations agree with the measured intensity loss only when the atoms' trajectories have a non-zero azimuthal velocity component.