Phase electrochemical analysis with the carbon paste electroactive electrode

The application of the carbon paste electroactive electrode (CPEE) in the phase electrochemical analysis is reviewed. The technique of the experiment, types of electrode reactions on CPEE, fields of application are considered in detail. It is shown that the maximum current observed in the potentiodynamic regime of CPEE polarization is used in practice more often as an analytical signal. The maximum current is proportional to the electroactive substance concentration in paste at electrochemical transformations of oxides of zirconium, molybdenum, vanadium, at the tungstate reduction, rhenium and tellurium electrochemical transformations. The analysis of the literature data has shown that for the last 10 years the CPEE is being used in various electrochemical investigations. The CPEE is very perspective at the determination of one of oxidation states of an element in the combination of its compounds of various oxidation states; it permits to find the conditions of selective determination of minerals at their joint presence. The sphere of the application of electrochemical analysis with CPEE includes the use of active masses of chemical current sources, minerals and the products of their enrichment, defect structures of a solid body