Chemical interaction of energetic metal ions with glassy carbon substrate: comparison between implanted tungsten and platinum ions

Chemical transformations involved during ion implantation can lead to material modifications. Our focus here is on the interaction of tungsten (W) or platinum (Pt) ions implanted in glassy carbon (GC). Recent studies dealt with nano-sized W-carbide and Pt particles in a W+- and Pt+ - implanted GC substrate, respectively, in terms of their composition, electrochemical properties, and morphology. In this paper, we discuss a detailed study of compound formation and binding interaction resulting from the W or Pt implants in GC for the first time, emphasizing the importance of chemical effects in determining the final properties of the implanted layer. The W+ and Pt+ implantations in a 1-mm-thick GC substrate were performed at room temperature using an energy of 100 keV. Anominal fluence ranged from 1.0x10¹⁶ to 1.8x10¹⁷ ions/cm². The implanted samples were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)