Reconstruction and modernization of SKODA steam turbines in fossil-fired and nuclear power generating stations for combined generation of electricity and heat

The SKODA Combine Plzen disposes of experience in construction of turbines for heat generating stations since tens of years. Based on this in the last years a number of turbine plants have been reconstructed for derivation of heat in a partly considerable extent. The paper gives the conceptual and constructive works needed as well as the changes achieved in the operating modes of turbines in the power range between 50 MW and 1000 MW. (author)