Diagnostic mirrors for ITER: A material choice and the impact of erosion and deposition on their performance
Creators
- Litnovsky, A.1
- Wienhold, P.1
- Philipps, V.1
- Sergienko, G.1
- Schmitz, O.1
- Kirschner, A.1
- Kreter, A.1
- Droste, S.1
- Samm, U.1
- Mertens, Ph.1
- Donne, A.H.2
- Rudakov, D.3
- Allen, S.4
- Boivin, R.5
- McLean, A.6
- Stangeby, P.6, 5
- West, W.5
- Wong, C.5
- Lipa, M.7
- Schunke, B.7
- De Temmerman, G.8
- Pitts, R.9
- Costley, A.10
- Voitsenya, V.11
- Vukolov, K.12
- Oelhafen, P.8
- Rubel, M.13
- Romanyuk, A.8
- 1. Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Association EURATOM-FZJ TEC, FZ-Juelich (Germany)
- 2. FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics 'Rijnhuizen', TEC, Association EURATOM-FOM (Netherlands)
- 3. University of California at San-Diego, CA (United States)
- 4. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore (United States)
- 5. General Atomics, San-Diego, CA (United States)
- 6. University of Toronto, Department of Aerospace Studies, (Canada)
- 7. Association EURATOM-CEA, DRFC-DSM-CEA, Cadarache (France)
- 8. Institute of Physics, University of Basel (Switzerland)
- 9. EPFL Lausanne, Association EURATOM (Switzerland)
- 10. ITER Naka Joint Work Site (Japan)
- 11. Institute of Plasma Physics, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology (Ukraine)
- 12. Nuclear Fusion Institute, Russian Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute' (Russian Federation)
- 13. Alfven Laboratory, KTH, Association EURATOM - VR, Stockholm (Sweden)
Description
Metal mirrors will be implemented in about half of the ITER diagnostics. Mirrors in ITER will have to withstand radiation loads, erosion by charge-exchange neutrals, deposition of impurities, particle implantation and neutron irradiation. It is believed that the optical properties of diagnostic mirrors will be primarily influenced by erosion and deposition. A solution is needed for optimal performance of mirrors in ITER throughout the entire lifetime of the machine. A multi-machine research on diagnostic mirrors is currently underway in fusion facilities at several institutions and laboratories worldwide. Among others, dedicated investigations of ITER-candidate mirror materials are ongoing in Tore-Supra, TEXTOR, DIII-D, TCV, T-10 and JET. Laboratory studies are underway at IPP Kharkov (Ukraine), Kurchatov Institute (Russia) and the University of Basel (Switzerland). An overview of current research on diagnostic mirrors along with an outlook on future investigations is the subject of this paper
Additional details
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.01.281;
- PII
- S0022-3115(07)00279-6;
Publishing Information
- Journal Title
- Journal of Nuclear Materials
- Journal Volume
- 363-365
- Journal Page Range
- p. 1395-1402
- ISSN
- 0022-3115
- CODEN
- JNUMAM
INIS
- Country of Publication
- Netherlands
- Country of Input or Organization
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- INIS RN
- 39009962
- Subject category
- S70: PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY;
- Descriptors DEI
- DOUBLET-3 DEVICE; EROSION; IMPURITIES; IRRADIATION; ITER TOKAMAK; JET TOKAMAK; MIRRORS; NEUTRONS; PERFORMANCE; REFLECTIVITY; T-10 TOKAMAK; TCV TOKAMAK; TEXTOR TOKAMAK; THERMONUCLEAR REACTOR MATERIALS; TORE SUPRA TOKAMAK
- Descriptors DEC
- BARYONS; CLOSED PLASMA DEVICES; ELEMENTARY PARTICLES; FERMIONS; HADRONS; MATERIALS; NUCLEONS; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; SURFACE PROPERTIES; THERMONUCLEAR DEVICES; THERMONUCLEAR REACTORS; TOKAMAK DEVICES; TOKAMAK TYPE REACTORS
Optional Information
- Copyright
- Copyright (c) 2007 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.