Water and aqueous environments: on-line chemical analysis, problems and solutions

General approaches to the automation of chemical analysis and to the design of systems for on-line monitoring of aqueous environments are considered. The advantages of flow analysis techniques in the development of these systems are substantiated. Merits and demerits of the existing versions of flow analysis, namely flow-injection and sequential injection analysis, as well as continuous flow analysis and combined versions of these two methods, are discussed.