Subsurface flows associated with non-Joy oriented active regions: a case study

Non-Joy oriented active regions (ARs) are a challenge for solar magnetic field modelers. Although significant deviations from Joy's law are relatively rare for simple bipolar ARs, understanding the causes of their particularity could be critical for the big picture of the solar dynamo. We explore the possibility of the sub-surface local dynamics being responsible for the significant rotation of these ARs. We apply the ring-diagram technique, a local helioseismology method, to infer the flows under and surrounding a non-Joy oriented AR and present the results of a case study in this paper.