Present status and future prospect of the Russian program for fusion low-activation materials

The Russian Fusion Materials Program (1998-2000, Minatom of Russia) includes the study of low (reduced)-activation V-Ti-Cr alloys, heat-resistant ferritic-martensitic steels and beryllium. The focus of the vanadium alloy program is on the high purity and homogeneity of V-(4-20)Ti-(4-10)Cr ingots (30-50 kg). The main compositions are V-(8-10)Ti-(4-5)Cr and V-4Ti-4Cr alloys. The focus of the steel program is on 10-12% Cr heat-resistant reduced-activation ferritic-martensitic steels (RAFMS). The focus of the beryllium program is on increasing production scale, decreasing impurity concentrations (decreasing of activation level), and new materials development, such as porous (15-30% open porosity) Be and new grades of Be