Ecological aspects of pond fish culture intensification. 2. The effect of atmospheric conditions on the physical parameters of pond environment

The intensification of common carp pond rearing through the introduction of large amounts of organic and mineral matter and an increase in stocking density resulted in a reduction of sunlight penetration into the water. Abundant suspended matter absorbed most of the solar radiation in the surface water layer resulting in thermal stratification and a reduction of the average temperature in ponds of intensive fish culture