Radiation safety of new dental x-ray machines available in the Republic of South Africa - a critical evaluation

The discovery of x-rays by W C Roentgen and the events which lead to the development of the first dental x-ray machines in America and Europe, are briefly discussed. The first surveys of the radiation safety of dental x-ray machines in various countries are discussed, followed by a review of the development of a safety code. The factors concerning radiation safety are dealt with. The design and development of the survey and materials and methods are described which lead to the compiling of data concerning radiation safety. Fifteen new dental x-ray machines were surveyed. The data is given in the form of tables. The x-ray machines are then evaluated according to their radiation safety and placed in order of merit. The findings are criticised and certain recommendations made. Minimum specifications are suggested which could help to improve the radiation safety of new dental x-ray machines available in this country