Hollow drop production by injection of gas bubbles into a liquid jet

An apparatus has been constructed which produces uniform hollow shells of liquid. The techniques used are to ultrasonically excite and inject a gaseous jet into a liquid jet. The physical arrangement consists of dual capillary nozzles with the gas nozzle coaxial to and inside the liquid nozzle. The gas jet is broken up into uniform bubbles by acoustical excitation. The bubbles then break up the fluid jet into uniform spheres which contain the bubbles and therefore are hollow shells. The system was tested with Freon-113 (C2Cl3F3) as the liquid and nitrogen as the gas. This system was built as a prototype to evaluate these procedures before proceeding to construct apparatus to produce solid hydrogen shells