Published 1959
| Version v1
Book
Problems of collimation
Description
Collimation is one of the most important problems in radioisotope scanning. It is closely related to the resolution of a scanning device. Any improvement in resolution is usually accompanied by a corresponding decrease in sensitivity, so that the design of a suitable collimator is the result of a compromise between resolution and sensitivity. A number of different types of collimators have been designed for clinical use. They can be classified in the following way: A. Single-hole collimator (i) Cylindrical (ii) Conical, inverted (iii) Conical, (Averted B. Slit collimator C. Multi-channel collimator (i) Focused (a) Honey cone (1) Several to 280 holes (2) Hexagonal or round shaped holes (b) Spiral plug (Miller) (c) Slit plug (Miller) (ii) Non-focused (Scott Cone) In order to determine the most suitable type of collimator for a specific diagnostic problem, the response pattern of the detector must be known. This pattern can best be visualized by constructing an isoresponse curve which shows the absorption of the beam in a medium similar to human tissue. However, even by determining the relative dosage at various points of the pathway of the beam in air, we are able to demonstrate the characteristics of a collimator. Taking into account the various points mentioned above, the problems of choosing the most practical collimator for clinical scanning will be discussed. (author)
Abstract (French)
La collimation est l'un des problemes les plus importants que pose l'exploration par les radioisotopes. Elle est etroitement liee au pouvoir de resolution des dispositifs d'exploration. Toute amelioration du pouvoir de resolution s'accompagne ordinairement d'une diminution correspondante de la sensibilite, de sorte qu'un collimateur efficace represente un compromis entre la resolution et la sensibilite. Plusieurs modeles differents de collimateurs ont ete concus pour l'usage clinique. On distingue les types suivants: A. Collimateur a orifice unique i) cylindrique ii) a cone droit iii) a cone inverse B. Collimateur a fente C. Collimateur a canaux multiples i) a focalisation a) alveolaire 1) comportant jusqu'a 280 orifices 2) a orifices hexagonaux ou circulaires b) a spirale (Miller) c) a fentes (Miller) ii) fixe (cone de Scott) Poutr determiner le modele de collimateur convenant le mieux a un type de diagnostic determine, il faut etalonner le detecteur. Le meilleur moyen de proceder a cette operation est d'etablir une courbe d'indications de meme valeur montrant l'absorption du faisceau dans un milieu semblable au tissu composant le corps humain. Cependant, on peut aussi determiner les caracteristiques d'un collimateur en etablissant le dosage relatif en differents points du chemin parcouru dans l'air par le faisceau. Le probleme du choix du collimateur le plus indique pour l'exploration clinique sera examine a la lumiere des divers points mentionnes ci-dessus. (author)Abstract (Spanish)
La colimacion constituye uno de los problemas mas importantes en la exploracion mediante radioisotopos. Se encuentra estrechamente relacionada con el poder de resolucion de los dispositivos explonadores. Toda mejora lograda en el poder de resolucion va acompanada, por lo general, de una disminucion correspondiente de la sensibilidad, por lo que el diseno de vin colimador adecuado es resultado de una formula de transaccion entre poder de resolucion y sensibilidad. Se han disenado diversos tipos de colimadores para uso clinico, que pueden clasificarse de la siguiente manera: A. Colimadores de orificio unico i) cilindrico ii) de cono invertido iii) de cono derecho B. Colimadores de rendija C. Colimadores multicanales i) de enfoque a) de cono alveolar 1) provisto de 280 orificios como maximo 2) provisto de orificios hexagonales o circulares b) con tapon en espiral (Miller) c) con tapon dividido (Miller) ii) no enfocado (cono de Scott) A fin de determinar el tipo de colimador mas adecuado para un problema concreto de diagnostico, es preciso calibrar el detector, para lo cual conviene trazar una curva de isorrespuesta en que se indique la absorcion del haz en un medio semejante a los tejidos del cuerpo humano. No obstante, incluso determinando la dosis relativa en diversos puntos de la trayeotoria recorrida por el haz en el aire es posible determinar las caracteristicas de un colimador. (author)Abstract (Russian)
Kollimirovanie yavlyaetsya odnoj iz naibolee vazhnykh problem pri ispol'zovanii izotopov v meditsinskikh issledovaniyakh. Ono tesno svyazano s razreshayushchej sposobnost'yu primenyaemykh dlya ehtikh issledovanij priborov. Vsyakoe uluchshenie razreshayushchej zposobnosti obychno soprovozhdaetsya ssotvetstruyushchim umen'sheniem chuvstvitel'nosti, tak chto konstruktsiya podkhodyashchego kollimatora osnovana na kompromissnom sootnoshenii mezhdu razreshayushchej sposobnost'yu i chuvstvitel'nost'yu. Dlya klinicheskikh tselej bylo sozdano neskol'ko razlichnykh tipov kollimatorov. Ikh mozhno klazsifitsirovat' sleduyushchim obrazom: A. Odnotrubchatyj kollimator i) tsilindricheskij ii) konicheskij, s konusom povernutym vnutr' iii) konicheskij, s konusom povernutym snaruzhi B. SHCHelevoj kollimator S. Mnogokanal'nyj kollimator i) sfokusirovannyj a) setchatyj konus 1) imeyushchij ot neskol'kikh do 280 otverstij 2) s shestiugol'nymj ili kruglymi otverstiyami b) vintoobraznaya vtulka (Millera) c) shchelevaya vtulka (Millera) ii) nesfokusirovannyj (konus Skotta). CHtoby opredelit' naibolee podkhodyashchijtip kollimatora dlya issledovaniya kakojlibo konkretnoj diagnosticheskoj problemy, neobkhodimo ustanovit' kharakteristjku dannogo detektora. Nailuchshij sposob izobazit' ehtu kharakteristiku - ehto postroit' krivuyu pokazanij detektora na razlichnykh rasstoyaniyakh, opredelyayushchuyu pogloshchenie lucha v zrede, podobnoj tkani cheloveka. Odnako danee putem opredeleniya sravnitel'nogo raspredeleniya puchka pri prokhopedenii ego v vozdukhe mozhno poluchit' predstavlenie o kharakteristike kollimatora. Problemy vybora naibolee praktichekogo kollimatora d klinicheskikh iszledovanij budut obsuzhdat'sya s uchetom vysheizlozhennykh polozhenij. (author)Additional details
Additional titles
- Original title (English)
- Problemes de Collimation; Problemy kollimirovaniya; Problemas de colimacion
Publishing Information
- Publisher
- IAEA
- Imprint Place
- Vienna (International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA))
- Imprint Title
- Medical Radioisotope Scanning. Proceedings of a Seminar
- Imprint Pagination
- 278 p.
- Series
- Proceedings Series
- Journal Page Range
- p. 13-27
- ISSN
- 0074-1884
Conference
- Title
- Seminar on Medical Radioisotope Scanning
- Dates
- 25-27 Feb 1959
- Place
- Vienna (Austria)
INIS
- Country of Publication
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- Country of Input or Organization
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- INIS RN
- 43112888
- Subject category
- S46: INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; S62: RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE;
- Resource subtype / Literary indicator
- Conference
- Descriptors DEI
- ABSORPTION; ANIMAL TISSUES; COLLIMATORS; CYLINDRICAL CONFIGURATION; RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING; RESOLUTION; SENSITIVITY
- Descriptors DEC
- BODY; CONFIGURATION; COUNTING TECHNIQUES; SORPTION
Optional Information
- Notes
- 16 figs, 7 refs
- Secondary number(s)
- STI/PUB--003