Measuring the proton beam losses in linear accelerators and the problems of beam perturbation monitoring

Problems of beam perturbation diagnostics in 600-800 MeV linear accelerators of protons and negative hydrogen ions at a mean beam current of 0.1-1.0 mA are discussed. Peculiarities of systems for measuring beam losses (SMBL) with local and long detectors as well as detector characteristics used in SMBL have been considered. Data characterizing distribution of beam losses along the accelerator during typical beam perturbations and coupling of ionizing radiation field with distribution of beam losses are given. It is shown that analysis of measured distributions of beam losses when varying parameters of accelerating-focusing channel permits in principle to identify a perturbation nature (perturbation of longitudinal motion of particles, perturbation of transverse motion of particles, charge exchange of H- ions with residual gas). It is concluded that it is necessary to use a set of data obtained by means of movable and immovable detectors of SMBL for complete diagnostics of beam perturbations