Efficient basis for the Dicke model: II. Wave function convergence and excited states

An extended bosonic coherent basis has been shown by Chen et al (2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 051801) and Liu T et al (2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 165308) to provide numerically exact solutions of the finite-size Dicke model. The advantages in employing this basis, as compared with the photon number (Fock) basis, are exhibited to be valid for a large region of the Hamiltonian parameter space and many excited states by analyzing the convergence in the wave functions. (paper)