Applications of safeguards instruments at fuel cycle facilities

The IAEA employs the complementary measures of material accountancy, containment and surveillance to provide timely detection of the possible diversion of nuclear materials. Instrumentation is becoming increasingly important for the independent measurement of nuclear materials and to maintain continuity of knowledge of their status. This paper presents a summary of the types of instruments at present in use and of instruments under development, with reference to how the instruments may be used by inspectors at specific types of nuclear fuel cycle facilities. (author)