Real-time 3D dose imaging in water phantoms: reconstruction from simultaneous EPID-Cherenkov 3D imaging (EC3D)

Combination of electronic portal imaging device (EPID) transmission imaging with frontal Cherenkov imaging enabled real-time 3D dosimetry of clinical X-ray beams in water phantoms. The EPID provides a 2D transverse distribution of attenuation which can be back-projected to estimate accumulated dose, while the Cherenkov image provides an accurate lateral view of the dose versus depth. Assuming homogeneous density and composition of the phantom, both images can be linearly combined into a true 3D distribution of the deposited dose. We describe the algorithm for volumetric dose reconstruction, and demonstrate the results of a volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) 3D dosimetry. (paper)