HEPA filters in nuclear power plants

HEPA filters have been in use in the nuclear power industry as long as the industry has existed. This paper traces a short history of their development and use as it relates to the engineering of systems that contain HEPA filters. The all too common misuses of HEPA filters could be, in part, due to this historical development. Examples of common problems of basic design and operation are provided. All examples are from operating U.S. Light Water Reactors. Suggestions for possible solutions to some of the basic reasons for poor design are offered. While no single answer exists, understanding of the reasons the problems do exist can greatly aid in developing effective solutions