Plasma dynamic synthesis and obtaining ultrafine powders of iron oxides with high content of ε-Fe₂O₃

The ultrafine iron oxide powders were successfully synthesized using the plasma dynamic synthesis method, based on the use of a coaxial magnetoplasma accelerator with the iron electrode system. The synthesis was implemented in the high-speed iron-containing plasma jet, flowing into the space of the sealed chamber, filled with the gaseous mixture of oxygen and argon at different ratios. The XRD investigations showed that the synthesized products were heterophase and consisted of three main phases such as magnetite Fe₃O₄, hematite α-Fe₂O₃ and ε-Fe₂O₃. The SEM data confirmed the presence of three particle types: the hollow spheroids with sizes about hundreds of micrometers (magnetite), the particles with sizes up to 100 μm from the porous material of sintered submicron particles (hematite), and nanoscale particles (ε-phase). We found that at the higher oxygen concentration the content of ε-Fe₂O₃ is increased up to ~50% at the same time with decreasing the Fe₃O₄ phase. The magnetic properties of the products are mainly determined by magnetite characteristics and are significantly reduced with decreasing its content in the powder. In order to investigate the synthesized ε-Fe₂O₃ on the ability to absorb the electromagnetic radiation in the millimeter wavelength range, we separated the product with the higher ε-phase concentration. The fraction mainly, consisting of ε-Fe₂O₃, showed the occurrence of the natural resonance at frequencies of 8.3 GHz and 130 GHz. - Highlights: • We synthesized iron oxide powder with high content of ε-Fe₂O₃. • Synthesis is implemented using iron-containing plasma jet flowing into O₂ atm. • Synthesized powders are heterophase and consist of ε-Fe₂O_3, α-Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄. • ε-Fe₂O₃ content increases up to 50% with increasing the O₂ volume concentration. • We found the natural resonance at frequencies of 8.3 GHz and 130 GHz.