Design and optimisation of the interaction region of an electron-positron linear collider

Strong focalization of the beam is mandatory at the interaction point of the future linear collider in order to reach very high luminosity. In this work, the ILC (International Linear Collider) beam delivery system has been re-optimised, first to take the 'push-pull' of the two detectors into account, then to evaluate the influence of a reduction of the total length by hundred meters approximately. In the following part, the interaction region has been optimised to restore the nominal luminosity in the presence of the detector, containing a solenoid and a magnetic dipole. Due to the crossing angle of the beams, these elements are not coaxial and a model for the interaction region had to be developed. This model enables to track the beam in the entire beam delivery system, from the end of the linac to the interaction point. The simulation includes for the first time all the electromagnetic elements of the interaction region (crab cavity, final focusing system quadrupoles and sextupoles, solenoid, detector integrated dipole). Thanks to this model, the weak anti-solenoid could be added and optimised as the main corrector of the solenoid effects on the beam. To study the new performances of the collider after full compensation of these effects, a luminosity calculation tool has been developed. It is shown that the momentum acceptance is reduced after compensation of the solenoid effects. Moreover, transverse coupling induces the transfer of the crab cavity horizontal kick to the vertical plane, implying a significant luminosity loss. Finally the last part of the thesis concerns the application of a large Piwinski's angle to the linear colliders. The calculation of the beam-beam interaction parameters in the presence of a crossing angle is studied. Due to the crossing angle the central trajectory is deviated in the horizontal plane, preventing the Beamstrahlung to be reduced at constant luminosity. However the disruption could be made significantly smaller. (author)