Synthesis and effect of temperature on morphological and photoluminescence properties of TiO₂ nanoparticles

Sol–gel preparation of pure anatase TiO₂ calcined at different temperatures has rarely been reported. The current study reports the relative investigation for the elaboration of TiO₂ nanoparticles by sol–gel technique. SEM has been considered for the TiO₂ samples before as well as for the following calcinations. The XRD pattern illustrated the purity of TiO₂ particle materials and the average crystal size of our sample was calculated. The consequences have been discussed in the light of difference of morphological structures of diverse samples of nanomaterials. The optical reflectance of TiO₂ nanoparticles demonstrated that all materials have an elevated reflectance (∼ 93%) in the 380–790 nm spectrum. Together for this, the E_g of the elaborated TiO₂ samples has been considered from the spectrophotometric examination, which is quite considerable with the reported consequences. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra show that the sample has yellow strong emission.