Fluid modelling of plasma in Tokamaks

This article presents the two-fluid (electrons and ions) description of a plasma in an electromagnetic field according to the Braginskii model. The author first shows that, at the time scale of the resistive scattering, the plasma is in equilibrium at any moment. He presents the Grad-Shafranov equation of the equilibrium in an axisymmetric configuration by the introduction of a poloidal flow which is the main unknown of the studied problem. The inverse problem is then presented to determine the equilibrium configuration at any moment, more particularly the plasma toroidal current density, by using experimental measurements (magnetic measurements, polarimetry, interferometry, kinetic pressure, Stark effect, and so on). The last part shows how transport equations can be written in compliance with equilibrium equations