The effect of nickel doped Bismuth Vanadium Oxide on microstructures and electric properties towards BiVO4-NiO composite

Highlights: • Reduce the peak intensity with Ni added to BiVO4. • The BiVO4 granules fill large pores with NiO grains. • The vibrations of bending in ~530 cm⁻¹ were verified for the group of $V{O}_4^{3-}$ • Enhancement of current could be the improvement of oxygen kinetics properties. • The addition of Ni increased the electrical properties of BiVO4. The preparation of BiVO₄-NiO of microstructures and electric properties has been done using water solution and coated with indium tin oxide (ITO). BiVO₄-NiO material was prepared using BiVO₄, NiO powders and ITO. Mixing and coating processes were held using water and the resulting paste was coated by screen printing using a small glass stick on an ITO. The heat temperature process was done at 260 °C for 2 h. Samples were characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS and FTIR. The effect of ion Nickel addition did not change the monoclinic structure of bismuth vanadium. The Ni ions have been substituted Bi ion in the bismuth vanadium system which is indicated by the change of lattice parameters and compositions. Then, the additions decrease peak intensity increases due to the bigger microstructures observed. The addition Ni does not affect BiVO₄ but decreased the peak band BiVO₄ as increases Ni. The linear voltammograms observed an increase BiVO4 with increases Ni because the enhancement of current could improve the oxygen kinetics properties and surface passivation of the electrode in BiVO₄-NiO. Therefore, the addition of NiO is reflected in an increase in electrical conductivity.