A parameter that denotes non-equilibrium property for turbulent plasmas

One of the nonequilibrium features of turbulent plasmas is the mixing of the timescales of macroscopic and microscopic dynamics. We here study the direct influence of heating on the turbulence and turbulent transport, by paying attention to the coupling between source and fluctuations in the phase space dynamics. This coupling causes the immediate influence of external source (like heating) on the turbulence and turbulent transport, and thus introduces the mixing of time scales. A control parameter is introduced to denote the distance from thermodynamical equilibrium. (author)