Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a eucalyptus-based power plant using woodchips

Highlights: • Forest biomass is still not used in Brazilian power sector as initially forecasted. • Empirical energy patterns and woodchip fuel properties are analyzed. • Key risks and financial indicators for new forest biomass projects are discussed. • Eucalyptus woodchips may contribute to Brazil's power generation. Forest biomass plays a critical role in developing countries, with high potential to contribute to the energy needs as a cheaper and carbon-friendly alternative. In Brazil, eucalyptus plantations have gained attention in recent years as a promising source for the power sector. Aiming to assess this potential, this work analyzed the techno-economic feasibility of a eucalyptus woodchip-based power plant. A typical 10 MW power plant was modeled using empirical parameters based on the Steam Rankine Cycle. Woodchip samples were collected and energy properties, fuel demand, eucalyptus area required and unit variable cost were determined. In economic analysis, NEWAVE (Long and Medium Term Interconnected Hydrothermal Systems Operation Planning Model) and ANAFIN (Financial Analysis Model for Electrical Projects), both developed by CEPEL (Brazilian Electrical Research Center) were used for the first time to analyze forest biomass projects taking into account fuel availability and hydrological risks. Three energy trading scenarios were evaluated: (1) full commercialization in Brazilian regulated market, (2) full in free market and (3) partial in both markets. Results showed that 4,200 ha of eucalyptus plantations would be needed to ensure sustainable woodchip supply. Moisture content, basic density and woodchip price played an essential role in determining future costs. All scenarios of energy trading were economic feasible, and scenario (3) mitigated energy spot price risk and might be considered the effective risk-return strategy. The simulated strategies may improve decision makers visibility over the risk-return relation of a eucalyptus power plant. This methodology may be used to evaluate new forest biomass energy projects in potential areas. This study will help encourage bioenergy and power diversification in developing countries.