Solid-state detectors in neutron personnel dosimetry

Starting from the aims of neutron personnel dosimetry, the principles of neutron measurement in both routine and accidental dosimetry are described. Realization of these principles makes necessary appropriate detectors, particularly in order to record thermal and fast neutrons. Neutron detection by solid-state detectors is made via detection of secondary charged particles utilizing adequate physical effects. Those effects are, among others, track formation in photoemulsions and solids, thermoluminescence, exoelectron emission, optically stimulated luminescence, thermal stimulation of currents, radiophotoluminescence, lattice defects in semiconductors, and neutron-induced radioactivity. Advantages and drawbacks of the neutron detection methods based on these effects are discussed. From the described properties conclusions have been drawn for the selection of detectors in routine and accidental dosimetry. (author)