Effect of thermal radiation on combined bioconvection in a horizontal channel filled by nanoliquid and gyrotactic microorganisms

The present study analyses the effects of thermal radiation and internal heat generation on fully developed combined bioconvection nanofluid in a horizontal channel containing gyrotactic microorganisms. The two walls of the channel are maintained at two different constant temperatures. The Brownian motion and thermophoresis are considered into account for nanofluid model. The similarity transformations are used to convert the existing partial differential equations into the non-linear ordinary differential equations with boundary conditions and solved analytically by homotopy analysis method (HAM). The causes on the temperature distribution, the nanoparticle volume fraction and density of microorganisms in the presence of physical parameters are discussed in brief. The thermal radiation and thermophoresis parameters diminish the heat transfer rate inside the channel. (paper)