Ice core stratigraphy using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

We are presenting a technique using x-rays to detect strata caused by density variation in 94 mm diameter ice cores. Moreover, high resolution density is determined. A 54 m long ice core retrieved from the Tasman Glacier of the Southern Alps in New Zealand has been x-ray scanned and the images were analysed. As a dual energy capable x-ray (DEXA) scanner was used, DEXA analysis techniques were used where appropriate, such as for the enhancement of strata visibility in the images. Density calculations though were based on a single energy model, using the fundamental law of x-ray attenuation. As the model does not precisely reflect realistic conditions, calibrations were made for the material properties and pixel scaling. Results of detected strata were compared to traditional visual light methods, where up to a depth of ∼35 m better detail was achieved using x-rays. Density data was checked against the average volumetric density. Results compare well with the volumetric density, however a small bias exists, which at present requires further investigation