Activity determination in liquid and solid radioactive wastes

General principles and components of the technique for determination of radioactive substances in sewage disposed into surface basins are considered. Monitoring comprises determination of general α-activity, determination of ''pure'' β-emitters and γ-radionuclides. Sampling and sample preparation problems as well as methods for determination of 90Sr, 90Y, 144Ce, 137Cs and 131I contents in waste solutions are studied. Specific α-activity has been determined by the scintillation method, specific β-activity by means of sampling and analysis of single samples, 90Sr - by its daughter 90Y, 144Ce - by means of its isolation from the solution, 137Cs by method of 137Cs isolation with iron-potassium ferrocianidomiomfatom, 131I - byeposition in acidic medium with silver ions. The necessary apparatus is described and measurement errors are calculated