Sequential deposition of hybrid halide perovskite starting both from lead iodide and lead chloride on the most widely employed substrates

Highlights: • A sequential deposition procedure for obtaining hybrid halide perovskite is reported. • An original last step is added to the procedure to even out the drying step. • The substrates investigated are TiO₂, NiO, and Al₂O₃. • The two-step deposition based on a PbCl₂ film is proposed. - Abstract: The introduction of hybrid perovskites is revolutionizing the field of solution processable next-generation optoelectronic devices, with outstanding results achieved in solar energy conversion devices, lasing, light emitting diodes, and thermoelectric generators. An intelligent design of the material properties is a critical element in the technological development of such devices and, to achieve it, excellent control of the material deposition procedures is of paramount importance. Here we compare the growth of hybrid perovskite, starting both from lead iodide and lead chloride, through a simple two-step method on the most widely employed substrates, and we present diverse morphologies, realized varying the substrates and the deposition procedures.