Nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with chains of platinum hollow nanoparticles and porous gold nanoparticles in a chitosan membrane

A nonenzymatic glucose sensor is presented that is based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with platinum hollow nanoparticle chains (Pt HNPCs) dispersed onto porous gold nanoparticles in a chitosan membrane. The Pt HNPCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The preparation of the electrode was monitored via scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and chronoamperometry. The Pt HNPCs display excellent redox electrochemical activity, good catalytic efficiency for the oxidation of both hydrogen peroxide and glucose. The porous sensor membranes are easily formed, high stable, and provide a large surface for immobilization of the Pt HNPCs. The resulting glucose sensor has a linear response towards glucose over the concentration range from 3.0 to 7.7 mM, with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (at an S/N of 3). (author)