Dynamics of macromolecular chains: from the diluted solution to the massive material

Whereas polymer solutions have been often studied, this research thesis proposes an approach related to the massive material. In a first part, the author presents the method and instrumentation of polarised fluorescence decay: principle, equation, methods and algorithm of deconvolution, radiation sources, experimental precision factors. In a second part, the author reports the study of the chain dynamics in solution: presentation of diluted solutions (polystyrene, polyisoprene, polybutadiene), of semi-diluted and concentrated solutions (in toluene and in styrene). The next part addresses the macromolecular dynamics in the massive polymer: dynamics of marked chains within polybutadiene, short chains in polybutadiene matrix, influence of chain length, influence of temperature. In the next chapter, the author reports the study of the dynamics of rigid probes in a simple viscous medium and in a polymer matrix: models of anisotropic rotation, dynamics of diphenyl-hexatriene, of dimethylanthracene. The last chapter addresses the relaxation of macroscopically deformed molten polymers