Do SnI₄ molecules deform on heating and pressurization in the low-pressure crystalline phase?

A SnI₄ molecule lowers its symmetry from T _d to on the liquid–liquid transition. Because it is possible to lower the molecular symmetry without violating the crystalline symmetry, it is worth examining whether the deformation occurs in the crystalline phase field. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements on the crystalline state were carried out to investigate the change in the environment around a Sn atom at high pressures and temperatures. We could not find clear evidence on the symmetry change of molecules even close to the melting points, where the melting curve becomes abnormally flat against pressure. Indeed, no inconsistency was found when we assumed that the coordination number of a Sn atom remains unchanged in the temperature and pressure range examined. The situation remains true when the system entered the high-pressure crystalline phase on compression. We can propose a consistent scenario as to the structural change on the phase transformation. The incompressibility of a SnI₄ molecule could be suitably quantified. The procedure enabled us to conclude the molecule is more than an order of magnitude incompressible than the lattice. (paper)