Cosmology and GUTs: the matter of the Universe

The nature of missing matter in the Universe is discussed from the point of view of inflational supersymmetrical GUTs (Grand Unified Theories) cosmology. Supersymmetry (SUSY) is reviewed as a possible solution to GUTs problems in incorporating gravity and explaining large mass differences between gauge bosons. Mass-luminosity ratios calculated from data on the movement of outermost objects in galaxies and relative velocities among galaxies have yielded luminosities of the Universe that are one to two orders of magnitude less than expected from observed mass/velocity calculations, implying the existence of unseen mass. Consideration is given to the processes of galactic formation, baryosyntheses, formation of vacuum energy in a Higgs field in an inflationary Universe, the nonbaryonic and baryonic density of the Universe and characteristics of hot, warm and cold matter. It is suggested that primordial fluctuations were adiabatic, that the density parameter of the Universe is unity and is dependent on hot, warm or cold nonbaryonic matter, and that only a SUSY can account for the scarcity of monopoles. 59 references