Characteristics of hydroxyapatite from buffalo bone waste synthesized by precipitation method

Hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, is the most widely used ceramic biomaterials. It is a mineral found in natural teeth, bone and hard tissue. In this paper, we present a synthesis and characterization for obtaining HA by wet precipitation. This study mainly focuses on the use of bio-waste materials, i.e., buffalo bones to obtain HA. In order to synthesized HA from buffalo bones, we use Ca(OH)₂, H₂0 and H₃PO₄ as the starting precursors. The material was sintered at temperatures of 650 °C, 850 °C, and 1050 °C for 7 hours to improve its particle size distribution. Identification of functional group using FTIR shows absoption namely at wavenumber values of 3699.20, 3787.92 and 3706.91 cm⁻¹ which indicate hydroxyl group (OH). Phosphate band were identified by peak 1022.20 and 1118.63 cm⁻¹ and 1215.06 to 1459.31⁻¹cm which indicates carbonate group. Ratio of Ca/P for synthesized HA is about 1.67. XRD pattern results indicated that the synthesized buffalo bone HA closely correspond to commercial HA phase. (paper)