S-values for bone surfaces with a source distributed homogeneously in bone volume or with a surface deposited source

The epithelial cells close to the bone surfaces are a radiosensitive part of the skeleton. For the purpose of calculating the effective dose equivalent, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has therefore given the bone surfaces its own weighting factor. ICRP has also recommended absorbed fractions for the bone surfaces and red marrow from alpha and beta radiation to be used for dosimetry of radionuclides in bone. The fractions are given for a source in cortical or trabecular bone, either homogeneously distributed in the bone volume or surface deposited. For gamma radiation ICRP recommends that the MIRD specific absorbed fractions for total bone should also be used for the bone surfaces. The MIRD 11 publication does not include bone surfaces as an organ; therefore, we have calculated the S-values on the basis of the ICRP recommendation and with the use of the radionuclide decay schemes and the MIRD 11 S-values. The calculated values are also compared with S-values for total mineral bone as the target organ