The value of a dispatchable concentrating solar power transfer from Middle East and North Africa to Europe via point-to-point high voltage direct current lines

Highlights: • Systemic evaluation of CSP in EUMENA with an energy system model. • Multi-criteria analysis considering overlay grid and point-to-point interconnections. • Application of a novel node-internal grid method for EUMENA. Dispatchable solar power from concentrating solar thermal power plants (CSP) combined with thermal energy storage and co-firing option can provide energy according to demand. A transfer of such electricity from CSP in desert regions to distant consumer centres may therefore complement domestic energies. A detailed energy system modelling showing the benefit and drawback of CSP from Middle East and North Africa for Europe was not yet done. This paper closes the scientific knowledge gap applying an energy system model with a least-cost approach and detailed scenario analysis for the year 2050. Energy system analyses describe the effects of including and excluding a transfer of CSP from MENA to EU via a grid or via point-to-point high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines. A multi-criteria assessment reveals the impact of such CSP-HVDC power plants on energy infrastructure, operational behaviour, cost and emission of the energy system. To evaluate national grid expansion, a new grid methodology is used as composed of transmission and distribution grid. The evaluation shows that power plant capacity, electrical storage and grid expansion as well as electrical curtailment can cause a beneficial impact when CSP-HVDC is used to supplement the energy portfolio in Europe.