Quantum scalar field theory in AdS and the AdS/CFT correspondence

In this thesis we compute quantum corrections to the two- and four-point correlation functions up to second order in the coupling constant for a conformally coupled scalar field theory with quartic selfinteraction in four-dimensional anti–de Sitter space-time (AdS). Our calculations are performed by generalizing the usual flat space-time Feynman perturbation theory to the Poincaré patch of Euclidean AdS. In particular, we do not exert any conformal field theory (CFT) knowledge. The obtained results for the two- and four-point functions are mutually consistent. In addition, we argue that the critical exponents of correlation functions near the three-dimensional conformal boundary of AdS provide the necessary data for the renormalization conditions, thus replacing the usual on-shell condition. The holographic four-point function can systematically be expanded in the conformal invariants and compared with the conformal block expansion on the boundary of AdS. This is carried out here at low order in the conformal invariants, where the corresponding expansion coefficients are shown to uniquely fix the data for the conformal block expansion. No contradiction arises despite subtleties with UV and (sometimes) IR divergences. We also show that the disclosed boundary dual, subject to a set of nontrivial conditions dictated by the strong constraint of conformal symmetry, is indeed a mathematically and physically consistent CFT. Hence, our theory provides a first explicit confirmation of a quantum AdS/CFT correspondence. Finally, the operator product expansion (OPE) structure of the dual CFT, a deformed generalized free field theory, is revealed, along with the corrections to both the OPE coefficients and conformal dimensions of primary operators. In particular, the absence of the stress tensor and of any conserved current becomes explicit. Analytic expressions for the anomalous dimensions are found at one loop, both for Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions.