Practical models for invasive and noninvasive sonography training

The authors have developed a practical laboratory model for proficiency training in noninvasive and invasive sonographic techniques. Various animal tissues (bovine, porcine, and fowl) were tested for feasibility as laboratory models for invasive and noninvasive sonography training. The bovine tongue and turkey breast were selected as optimal models. The bovine tongue and turkey breast models were used initially for proficiency training in foreign body localization and removal and the model system was expanded for use to include training in a variety of invasive sonographic techniques