NCA cathode material: synthesis methods and performance enhancement efforts

Li-ion or Lithium-ion batteries have become the applicable choice for all types of electronic devices. This review covers the technological development of Co-Al co-doped Lithium Nickel Oxide or LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ (NCA) as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries over the last two decades. Synthesis methods such as the solid-state reaction, solution combustion, sol-gel, molten salts, atomization, spray dry and infrared heating methods have been carried out by researchers. These methods have been compared with regard to their structural, morphological and performance characteristics, and current limitations, to provide a glimpse into the technology and how to overcome the disadvantages of the materials for a better and sustainable future. This review studies the methods for obtaining the NCA precursor, and also discusses the effects of surface modification (coating) and dopants on the NCA cathode material. (topical review)