Small angle X-ray scattering beamline at SSRF

Beamline BL16B1 at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is dedicated to studying the microstructure and dynamic processes of polymers, nanomaterials, mesoporous materials, colloids, liquid crystals, metal materials, etc. At present, SAXS, wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), simultaneous SAXS/WAXS, grazing incident SAXS, and anomalous SAXS techniques are available for end user to conduct diverse experiments at this beamline. The sample-to-detector distance is adjustable from 0.2 m to 5 m. The practicable q-range is 0.03-3.6 nm^-1 at incident X-ray of 10 keV for conventional SAXS whilst a continuous q-region of 0.06-33 nm^-1 can be achieved in simultaneous SAXS/WAXS mode. Time-resolved SAXS measurements in sub-second level was achieved by the beamline upgrating in 2013. This paper gives detailed descriptions about the status, performance and applications of the SAXS beamline. (authors)