Extended gyrokinetic field theory for time-dependent magnetic confinement fields

A gyrokinetic system of equations for turbulent toroidal plasmas in time-dependent axisymmetric background magnetic fields is derived from the variational principle. Besides governing equations for gyrocenter distribution functions and turbulent electromagnetic fields, the conditions which self-consistently determine the background fields varying on a transport time scale are obtained by using the Lagrangian which includes the constraint on the background fields. Conservation laws for energy and toroidal angular momentum of the whole system in the time-dependent background fields are naturally derived by applying Noether's theorem. It is shown that the ensemble-averaged transport equations of particles, energy and toroidal momentum given in the present work agree with the results from the conventional recursive formulation with the WKB representation except that collisional effects are disregarded here. (author)