Discovery of an electromagnetic moment violating fundamental symmetries: the nuclear anapole moment

A nuclear anapole moment - an electromagnetic multipole violating parity and charge conjugation invariance - has recently been observed. We describe the anapole moment and how it can be produced. The anapole moment creates a circular magnetic field inside the nucleus. The interesting point is that measurements of the anapole allow one to study parity violation inside the nucleus in atomic experiments. We use the experimental result for the nuclear anapole moment of 133Cs to find the strength of the parity violating proton-nucleus and meson-nucleon forces. (author)