The Impact of Atomic Energy on Society

Predictions made at the 1955 Geneva Conference about the rapid development of nuclear energy have been realized. A summary of the trends in outputs and generating costs of different types of reactors is given. The obstacles in the problem of obtaining power by the fusion of hydrogen isotopes, together with the major advances made, are outlined. Among other subjects discussed are: the impact of nuclear energy on industrial practice; the possible relaxation of stringent reactor siting regulations; the use of reactors in the desalination of seawater; the application of radiation to food preservation and the sterilization of hospital supplies; the developments in important new tools for the physical sciences; and the impact of atomic energy on life sciences. The paper concludes with a summary of the achievements of international co-operation and the major role being played by the IAEA. (author)